ARTICLES ON cancer-care

Colorectal cancer is cancer forming in the colon and the rectum, which can cause minor or non-existent symptoms in its early stage; however, there can be some colorectal cancer early signs. Regular screening tests can help to diagnose cancer in the colon and rectum. What is Colorectal Cancer? Colorectal cancer is a prevalent term used to describe cancer that develops in the colon and the rectum, which is located in the lower part of the digestive tract. The colon is the longest and the first part of the large intestine. Colon cancer may affect older adults, but it may also occur at any age. Colon cancer usually begins as small masses of cells called polyps that form inside the colon. Although polyps aren’t harmful and don’t cause any symptoms, some of these can turn into colon cancers. If colon cancer develops, there are many treatments that can help to control it. These treatments include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and other medical treatments such as immunotherapy and targeted therapy. Colorectal Cancer Signs & Symptoms Colorectal cancer signs and symptoms don’t appear at the beginning of the cancer. When the Colorectal cancer symptoms appear, they are likely to depend on the size and location of the cancer. Colorectal Cancer Early Signs  Most of the cancers developing in the colon or rectum develop from the polyps. At the early stage, there may not be any symptoms, but certain warning signs may be present. These signs may include: These symptoms may also be caused by other less serious conditions such as haemorrhoids. However, any such signs should be checked by a healthcare provider. Colorectal Cancer Local Symptoms  Local symptoms of colorectal cancer are present only in the colon and/or the rectum and have not yet spread to the other organs. Such local symptoms caused by colorectal cancer include the following: There can be additional symptoms of cancer in the colorectal region, which may include: Colon Cancer Symptoms While there may not be any symptoms at the earliest stage of colon cancer, as the cancer grows and spreads, symptoms such as fatigue and weight loss may appear. Thereafter, changes in bowel habits may indicate colon cancer, which may include: Rectal Cancer Symptoms The symptoms may be similar to those of other bowel diseases, such as Crohn’s disease or inflammatory bowel disease. However, the symptoms of inflammatory bowel disease may subside after some time; in the case of rectal cancers, the symptoms may exacerbate further as the cancer develops. Tumours forming in the rectum may alter the frequency and consistency of bowel movements. As the cancer progresses and spreads throughout the rectum and possibly into the colon, the symptoms may worsen and become much more severe. Some of the common signs associated with changes in bowel movements in the case of rectal cancer include: Symptoms of Metastatic Colorectal Cancer When cancer from the colon and rectum starts spreading to the other parts and organs, symptoms may appear depending upon the size of the tumour as well as the location of the tumour. However, patients with metastatic colorectal cancer may not be aware of the symptoms before a diagnosis is made. There can be systemic symptoms in the affected areas, such as: Causes of Colorectal Cancer Colorectal cancer develops when cancerous cells start to grow out of control in the colon or the rectum. Colorectal cancer most commonly begins in the mucous-making cells of the colon and the rectum, which undergo cellular changes to form tumours. What causes colorectal cancer is not clear, but it is mostly a result of changes in the DNA. Usually, the DNA in these cells undergo a mutation that makes them unable to control cellular growth and division.  In many cases, cancerous cells are identified and attacked by the immune system, but some escape and grow uncontrollably, forming tumours in the colon or rectum. The exact colorectal cancer causes are unknown, but there are certain risk factors that are linked with the development of colorectal cancer. Risk Factors Associated with Colorectal Cancer The risk factors associated with the development of colorectal cancer include: Although colon cancer can affect anyone at any age, people older than 50 are more likely to be affected by colon cancer. If a person is prone to developing colon polyps or has a family history of colon cancer, he/she is more likely to develop colon cancer. If a person has a chronic case of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) like ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease, the individual has a higher risk of colon cancer. A low-fibre and high-fat diet may lead to an increased risk of colon cancer. Consuming a lot of processed and/or red meat might increase the risk of colon cancer. Not exercising regularly increases the risk of colon cancer.  People with diabetes or insulin resistance and those who are obese have an increased risk of developing colon cancer. Smoking and use of tobacco, as well as drinking alcohol, increases the risk of developing colon cancer. Avoid the causes and take all the measures to avoid colorectal or any other cancer as such. Follow a healthy diet and lifestyle routine daily. Conclusion If you experience any of the signs and symptoms of colorectal cancer, visit the doctors at Wockhardt Hospitals at the earliest. Our healthcare professionals at the Oncology Department are highly experienced in successfully treating patients and improving their quality of life with the most precise diagnosis, effective treatment, and follow-up medical care. FAQs on Colorectal Cancer Q. What foods to avoid after Colorectal Surgery? Avoid foods that can make you feel gassy, such as bread and tough meats, as well as hot, fried, or gas-inducing items. To prevent swallowing air, which leads to gas, avoid using a straw, and refrain from chewing gum or using tobacco. Dehydration can be exacerbated by chocolate, alcohol, and caffeinated beverages. Q. What benefits might colonoscopies offer? Colonoscopies can often prevent and treat colon cancer. Doctors use them to identify and remove polyps in the colon before they become

Colorectal cancer, depending on where it begins, is often called either colon or rectal cancer. Colorectal cancer starts in the colon or the rectum as a growth or polyps, which can further develop into cancer. However, it must be noted polyps usually do not show symptoms, and for this reason, doctors typically ask for several testing procedures such as biopsy, colonoscopy, etc. Once the doctors have the findings, they will discuss the treatment with the patient – the treatment goals and expectations. How is Colorectal Cancer Diagnosed? Colorectal cancer diagnosis takes place depending on the age and by considering some other factors such as the type of cancer, signs and symptoms, results of previous medical results, family and medical history of the patient, and many others.  Here are some of the tests used to diagnose colorectal cancer, but not all tests are used for all the patients – In addition to the above tests mentioned, the doctors may ask the patient to get some other tests, such as biomarker testing to be done to identify specific genes, repair proteins, etc. How is Colorectal Cancer Treated? Treatment options for colorectal surgery depend on several factors, such as type and stage of the cancer, side effects, patient preference, and health condition. Hence, the patient needs to talk about all the possible factors before jumping to the conclusion of the treatment.  Here are some of the most preferred treatments for colorectal cancer – Radiation Therapy  Radiation therapy utilises high-energy X-rays to eliminate cancer cells and is most commonly used to kill rectal cancer cells. The procedure is carried out by a specialist known as a Radiation Oncologist.  There are two types of radiation therapy – Chemotherapy  During chemotherapy, the doctor uses drugs to destroy cancer cells by keeping them from multiplying and growing. This cancer treatment is usually done after the surgery to kill the remaining cancer cells. Sometimes, the doctor might give chemotherapy and radiation therapy before the surgery to shrink the size of the cancer.  Targeted Therapy Before proceeding with the targeted therapy, the doctors usually perform several tests to identify the protein levels, genes, and the tissue environment that contribute to the growth of the cancer cells. Targeted therapy blocks the development of the cancer cells. Thus stopping them from spreading to other parts of the body. Also, this treatment limits damage to the healthy cells.  Immunotherapy Immunotherapy uses the body’s natural defence to fight cancer by boosting immunity and its ability to fight cancer cells.  Does Surgery Help in Treating Colorectal Cancer? Colorectal cancer surgery is one of the common treatments, as it completely removes the cancer cells. During surgery, the tumour is removed along with some healthy surrounding tissues. Here are some of the surgical options for colorectal cancer – Conclusion Colorectal cancer is treatable if diagnosed early. With so much technological advancement, it is now quite possible to treat cancer. If a patient has colorectal cancer, we advise you to go see a healthcare provider at Wockhardt Hospitals as soon as possible. The doctor will diagnose and chart out a treatment plan depending on the findings, and will also inform the patient of colorectal cancer treatment cost. FAQs on Colorectal Cancer Treatment in India Q. Does CA 125 detect colon cancer? Cancer antigen (CA-125) was initially believed to be a specific biomarker for ovarian cancer, but recently it has been found in the sera (blood) of patients with gastric, colorectal, and pancreatic adenocarcinomas. Q. What are the signs and symptoms of colorectal cancer? Here are a few symptoms of colorectal cancer – Sudden weight loss Blood in stool Irregular bowel movement Abdominal pain, aches, or cramps Q. What is the colon cancer treatment cost in India? The colon cancer treatment cost in India varies depending on the type of hospital, doctor’s expertise, technologies used, and many more factors. Therefore, it is important to discuss the cost with the doctors before you start with the treatment.

Cancer is a medical condition in which the body’s cells behave abnormally and proliferate uncontrollably. Even if it later spreads to other body areas, cancer is always named after the area of the body where it first manifests. Cervical cancer is a kind of cancer that first appears in the cervix. The vagina (birth canal) and the top part of the uterus are joined by the cervix. Cervical cancer is a concern for anyone with a cervix. What is Cervical Cancer? Cervical cancer is characterised by cell proliferation that begins in the cervix, the bottom portion of the uterus that links to the vaginal opening. Most cervical cancer cases are caused by different strains of the HPV or Human Papillomavirus. HPV is a widespread virus spread through sexual contact. When the body is exposed to HPV, our immune system usually stops the virus from causing any harm. The virus, on the other hand, can live for years in a small number of people. This contributes to the process that leads to the transformation of certain cervical cells into cancer cells. Although not all the cells will develop into cancer, it is crucial to identify these unfavourable cells and treat them to avoid cervical cancer. By taking an HPV vaccination and undergoing screening tests, one can lower their chance of acquiring cervical cancer. When cervical cancer occurs, surgery to remove the cancerous tumour usually constitutes the initial course of treatment. The use of medication therapy to destroy cancer cells may be one of the additional therapies. Chemotherapy and targeted treatment medications may be options.  Symptoms of Cervical Cancer It may be possible to identify cervical cancer symptoms at an earlier stage, even if some people don’t exhibit cervical cancer symptoms until the disease has reached the advanced stage. The cervical cancer early signs include: Vaginal bleeding – Cervical cancer can sometimes seem like menstrual bleeding. Any type of bleeding that appears abnormal should be reported to a doctor. Pelvic pain – Women may feel pain in the pelvic area, sometimes with no obvious cause. Changes in vaginal discharge – Vaginal discharge that is clear, milky, or slightly yellowish in colour is typical and healthy. However, any changes in colour, consistency, or odour should be looked into. Women should be on the lookout for any changes to their discharge since they could be connected to cervical cancer: Pain during sex – Some people bleed after having sex or endure pain during it. One should talk to a doctor about any of these cervical cancer symptoms. There may be no symptoms when early-stage cervical cancer first appears. The cancer typically doesn’t show signs until it has spread to adjacent tissue. Although signs of cervical cancer are unlikely to arise rapidly, once they occur, they frequently linger. Symptoms of Cervical Cancer at Advanced Stage It is possible for cervical cancer to spread (metastasize) to the lymph nodes, the pelvis, or other parts of the body by forming tumours. Advanced cervical cancer signs include: These are the most prevalent cervical cancer signs; now, let’s understand its causes in detail. What Causes Cervical Cancer? The majority of cervical cancer causes are high-risk strains of the genital human papillomavirus (HPV). Four out of five persons will get at least one kind of genital HPV over their lifetimes, making it exceedingly prevalent. Having intercourse with an infected person typically results in the transmission of genital HPV. Most HPV carriers will not experience any symptoms, and their immune systems will soon eliminate the virus. When an infection in a woman’s cervix does not go away, it may create precancerous alterations that may eventually turn into cancer. These changes take years to manifest and proceed extremely slowly. The following cervical cancer causes can increase a person’s chance of developing cancer brought on by HPV infections: Additional Cervical Cancer Risk Factors The following are additional cervical cancer risk factors: Conclusion Cervical cancer is a preventable & treatable disease when detected early through regular screening and vaccination against HPV. Additionally, practising safe sex, quitting smoking, and maintaining a healthy lifestyle can reduce the risk of developing cervical cancer. If you have concerns about cervical cancer or its risk factors, you can consult with a specialist at Wockhardt Hospitals for guidance and appropriate preventive measures. Wockhardt Hospitals, the most reputable hospital for treating cervical cancer, provides thorough diagnostic services in the field of oncology. We provide our patients with all-inclusive medical assistance during the entire procedure by our highly skilled medical personnel. Our doctors offer compassionate care and a variety of cervical cancer treatment modalities, such as medicinal therapy, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, surgery, etc.  FAQs on Cervical Cancer Q. Does cervical cancer metastasize to other bodily parts? Yes, cervical cancer can spread to other body parts if left untreated. Stage 4 cervical cancer indicates it has metastasized to other organs. Q. Which preventative measure against cervical cancer is most crucial for women? The three most crucial steps for preventing cervical cancer are getting HPV screenings, regular screening tests, and consulting your doctor if any results are abnormal. Q. Is there a hereditary component to cervical cancer? Since individuals with a family history of cervical cancer are at a higher risk of developing the disease, there may be a genetic component.

Cervical cancer is the growth of aberrant cells in the body part called the cervix (the lower section of the uterus connecting to the vagina). These cancers are caused by several strains of human papillomavirus (in short, HPV), which is a sexually transmitted viral pathogen. When a human body is exposed to HPV, the immune system of the body creates resistance and does not let the virus harm the body. Thus, the virus can live for a longer period in the human body, which contributes to the process that causes cancer cells to grow in the cervix.  As this condition might be deadly, it is important to see a doctor immediately upon experiencing the first symptom, such as – vaginal bleeding, water and bloody vaginal discharge, pelvic pain, and heavy menstrual bleeding. The symptoms are quite similar to PCOS – hence, it is important to visit the doctor at the earliest. The doctor will perform some cervical cancer diagnosis to determine what type of cancer you have and where the cancer has spread. With the help of a diagnosis report, the doctor will plan a treatment that will suit your needs.  How is Cervical Cancer Diagnosed? Cervical cancer diagnosis consists of several tests, as mentioned below – Screening – Screening tests can help detect precancerous cells in addition to cervical cancer. Most doctors usually recommend this after the age of 21, which can be done every few years. Screen tests include –  When the doctors suspect cervical cancer during the pap or HPV DNA tests, they might order tests to thoroughly examine the cervix using a colposcope – a special magnifying instrument. During the examination, the doctor removes a part of the cervical cells using two processes – If the test results are concerning, the doctors might order more diagnostic tests, such as – How is Cervical Cancer Treated? Cervical cancer treatment involves several treatment processes depending on the type, size, and location of the cancer. Here are some of the most frequently used treatment methods for cervical cancer – Is Surgery a Viable Option for Cervical Cancer? Surgery is used only to treat cancers that are small and haven’t grown beyond the cervix. Several other factors determine if cervical cancer surgery is the best treatment for the patient, such as –  Here are some surgical options the doctors might use for cervical cancer treatment – Conclusion It is important to see a doctor once the patient starts experiencing symptoms of cervical cancer. The earlier it gets detected, the better the chances of its complete treatment. Cervical cancer diagnosis is usually done depending on the type of cancer a patient is having. Once done, the concerned oncologist will chart out an effective treatment plan. Before the cervical cancer treatment begins, it is important to discuss the goals and possible outcomes, side effects, etc., to ensure everything is carried out as planned. Visit the Wockhardt Hospitals, also known as the best cervical cancer hospital in India today to receive the best cervical cancer treatment from highly experienced and board-certified oncologists and oncosurgeons. FAQs on Cervical Cancer Treatment in India Q. What causes cervical cancer? Cervical cancer is mostly caused by persistent infection with specific strains of the human papillomavirus (HPV) virus. Q. Who is at risk of cervical cancer? Cervical cancer is most common in younger people, especially if you are under 45. Also, if a person has a weakened immune system, they are at higher chances of getting cervical cancer. Q. Can cervical cancer be cured? If the cervical tissue is removed early, the cancer can be cured. Also, sometimes the doctors might suggest to undergo simple or radical hysterectomy, or sometimes – a combination of both.

When cancer begins in the oral region or mouth, it is referred to as mouth cancer, cancer of the oral cavity, or oral cancer. A tumour or uncontrolled growth usually develops as a result of aberrant cells growing out of control. It can be a very aggressive kind of cancer. Due to the possibility that there may be no pain or signs, the cancer may not be discovered until it advances to the later stages. Squamous cell carcinomas are the most common kind of mouth cancer, indicating that they begin in the cells that form the mouth lining. Signs and Symptoms of Mouth Cancer It might be challenging to recognise the early mouth cancer symptoms, which makes them sometimes easily missed. Lips, the inner cheek lining, gums, salivary glands, the soft palate, the tongue, and the hard palate are just a few areas where this form of cancer can manifest. There may be a number of mouth cancer symptoms depending on where in the mouth the cancer initially appears. Many dentists do a quick oral cancer screening as part of a regular dental checkup due to their constant concern for their patient’s oral health. This is an additional reason to visit the dentist regularly, in addition to maintaining the health of the teeth and gums.  It is important to be aware of the initial mouth cancer signs in order to be able to report them to a doctor as soon as possible. It is generally recommended to seek medical advice for any signs and symptoms of mouth cancer that persist for a period of more than two weeks, including: What Causes Mouth Cancer? Although the precise mouth cancer causes are unknown, there are a number of things that might raise the risk, such as Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection, cigarette usage, and alcohol intake. The chance of acquiring oral cancer may be impacted by a number of variables. Although the likelihood of developing mouth cancer rises with age, the condition can strike persons as young as 55. Mouth cancer occurs in men twice as often as it does in women. Below are some of the most prevalent mouth cancer causes that increase the chance of getting mouth cancer. Conclusion Mouth cancer is a prevalent form of cancer that is becoming increasingly prevalent in many areas of the world, with new cases occurring regularly. However, with the development of modern medical technology, increased experience, and novel treatments, the survival rate of patients with oral cancer has been steadily improving. Routine mouth cancer screenings and dental checkups might improve the chances of early detection. It’s critical to get medical advice from an experienced doctor for an accurate assessment and diagnosis if you detect any persistent mouth cancer signs or risk factors.   FAQs on Mouth Cancer Q. Why should I choose Wockhardt Hospitals for mouth cancer treatment? At Wockhardt Hospitals, we have a dedicated team of cancer specialists with extensive experience in diagnosing and treating virtually all forms of cancer. Our mission is to provide individuals with the most suitable mouth cancer treatment while minimising the risk of complications. Q.What are some less common regions where mouth cancers may develop? There are additional, far less prevalent varieties of mouth cancers, which can occur in regions such as: Lips and tongue Gums The inner lining of the cheek The floor of the mouth Hard and soft palate Q.What should I do if I find any abnormalities in the mouth? It’s crucial to contact a dentist or doctor right away if there are any abnormalities in the mouth since mouth cancer can be treated effectively if found in its early stages.

Mouth cancer is an umbrella term for any type of cancer that develops in any of the parts of the mouth. It is also commonly referred to as oral cancer or oral cavity cancer. Lips, tongue, gums, roof of the mouth, tonsils, salivary glands, floor of the mouth, and internal lining of the cheeks can develop oral cancer for varied reasons.  Oral cancer is considered the most common type of head and neck cancer, which originates in the mouth but can reach different parts of the head and neck. Prompt diagnosis of the condition and suitable treatment are necessary to curb the progression of this condition.  How is Mouth Cancer Diagnosed? Typically, a dentist or ENT specialist can recognise signs of mouth cancer during a routine examination. A comprehensive diagnostic approach is further employed to confirm the diagnosis, and check for other necessary aspects, such as the stage of the cancer, what may have caused the cancer, and other underlying conditions. The standard diagnostic approach for mouth cancer diagnosis involves: Mouth Cancer Treatment A comprehensive and personalised treatment plan is chalked after a thorough diagnostic assessment of the patient. The treatment for mouth cancer relies upon the revelations of the diagnostic tests. Mouth cancer can be treated using different methods, depending on the stage of the cancer.  There are 4 stages of mouth cancer, with stage 1 being the earliest and stage 4 being the final stage. Oral cancer treatment may consist of a single treatment or a combination of different methods, depending on the requirement of the specific case.  Common mouth cancer treatment methods include:  Conclusion Anyone present with signs and symptoms of oral cancer must seek immediate medical intervention for prompt diagnosis and relevant treatment. At Wockhardt Hospitals, we provide all-round care to patients suffering from any form of cancer. We have some of the most brilliant oncologists in our panel, with extensive experience and expertise in providing top-notch care for even the most complex cases of oral cancer, including the best oral cancer treatment in India. They leverage advanced medical technology to offer the best solutions. To consult with our doctors, you can reach out to our team and schedule your appointment right away. FAQs on Mouth Cancer Treatment in India Q. What are the causes of Mouth Cancer? Uncontrolled tobacco use and alcohol consumption are considered the leading causes of oral cancer. Certain other factors, however, can also make a person more susceptible to developing mouth cancer. Besides these, certain other factors can also increase a person’s risk of developing oral cancer. Q. What are the serious risk factors for Mouth Cancer? Infections such as the human papillomavirus (HPV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), a family history of oral cancers, gum diseases, poor oral hygiene, and consuming betel nut or areca, are also considered serious risk factors for mouth cancer. Oral cancer is generally triggered by poor lifestyle habits. Therefore, it is important to understand the risk factors for this condition and adopt healthy habits. Q.What are some common signs & symptoms of Mouth Cancer? Mouth cancer or oral cancer can exhibit a range of symptoms. These symptoms can be similar to those of other benign oral conditions. Listed below are some common signs and symptoms of oral cancer: White or red patches inside the mouth. Bleeding sores on the lips or within the mouth that have not been healing or have been there for a while (more than two weeks). Recurrent, unexplained bleeding in the mouth. Dryness and roughness in the lips, gums, and internal structures of the mouth. Difficulty in chewing, swallowing, speaking, or moving your jaw or tongue. A sense of pain, tenderness, or numbness in the mouth. This may also spread to the face and neck with no visible cause. A noticeable and unintentional weight loss, or feeling of weakness throughout. A bad breath, and earaches.

Blood cell formation and function are both impacted by blood cancers. The majority of the time, blood cancer starts in the body’s bone marrow responsible for the production of blood. Stem cells, produced in the bone marrow, eventually develop into RBCs (red blood cells), WBCs (white blood cells), & platelets. Normal blood cells are in charge of preventing infections, supplying oxygen to every part of the body, and controlling bleeding.  However, in the case of blood cancer, an aberrant form of blood cell grows uncontrollably in the majority of medical complications, disrupting the process of normal blood cell development. As a result, these cancerous or aberrant blood cells overwhelm the healthy blood cells, causing several kinds of symptoms and medical problems. Types of Blood Cancers Blood cancers often fall into one of three types: Signs and Symptoms of Blood Cancer Blood cancer symptoms differ depending on the kind, although there are several blood cancer symptoms that are present in all three types: If there are any indications or signs of blood cancer that don’t go away, schedule a visit with the doctor.   What Causes Blood Cancer? Blood Cancer occurs when the DNA of growing blood cells, primarily white blood cells, is damaged. The blood cells then expand and divide in an irrational manner. Healthy blood cells typically expire after some time and are replaced by the new cells that develop in the bone marrow. The blood cells in blood cancer grow too fast, do not function properly, and do not naturally die at a certain point in their life cycle. Instead, they grow and occupy more room. Cancer cells start to populate the blood as the bone marrow produces more of them, which stops the healthy white blood cells (WBCs) from developing and performing as they should. It also impacts red blood cells (RBCs) and platelets. Cancerous cells eventually outweigh healthy cells in the blood. Blood cancer is frequently caused by unknown mechanisms; however, environmental and genetic variables almost certainly play a part. Blood cancer causes may not be some genetic trait, but they may increase the likelihood that it may manifest under particular circumstances, such as after exposure to certain chemicals or diseases. Blood cancer causes will vary based on its kind. While certain blood cancer causes may be avoided, others cannot. The causes of blood cancer include: Conclusion Significant improvements have been made in medical science to make the treatment of blood cancer effective. Wockhardt Hospitals is renowned for its innovative technology, extensive experience, and tailored treatment plans. Furthermore, the hospital is home to one of India’s leading specialists in the field of blood cancer, who is responsible for the entire range of patient care. Make an appointment online with the best blood cancer hospital in India right now if you are experiencing any signs of blood cancer.  FAQs on Blood Cancer Q. What are the causes of Leukaemia? According to researchers, DNA alterations that are brought on by a combination of inherited and environmental variables cause leukaemia. In this instance, scientists believe that chromosomal alterations may be the cause of DNA modifications. Strands of DNA make up chromosomes. These DNA strands are duplicated when cells split to form two new cells. Genes from one type of chromosome can occasionally move to another, and this transition might have an impact on a group of genes which promote cell growth & a different group of genes that repress tumours in leukaemia. The genetic alterations which lead to leukaemia are highly influenced by exposure to high doses of radiation or certain chemicals. Q.What are the causes of Lymphoma? Lymphocytes, which are white blood cells, can develop lymphoma when their genes are altered in a way that makes them proliferate uncontrollably. Additionally, when normal cells destroy away, aberrant lymphocytes don’t. Again, the cause of the genetic shift is yet unknown, although many medical researchers suggest that some illnesses or having a weakened immunity may play a role. Q.What are the causes of Myeloma? In this instance, the plasma cells in the bone marrow receive novel genetic instructions that cause them to proliferate. Scientists are exploring the relationship between the development of myeloma and a chromosomal alteration that alters the genes that regulate the growth of plasma cells.

Blood cancer is a type of cancer which affects how the body produces blood cells and how well those cells work. Most blood cancers begin in the bone marrow, which is the site of blood cell production. Red blood cells are responsible for carrying oxygen around the body, while white blood cells and platelets fight off infections and control bleeding. Blood cancer can result in abnormal production of one of these blood cells, leading to various medical conditions. Blood cancer often occurs as a result of mutation in these blood cells, resulting in abnormal behaviour of these cells. Most often, what triggers such changes are not under the control of the patient or others. Blood cancer is not a hereditary disease, which means that it develops during the lifetime of a person and does not pass on to the next generation of a patient suffering from blood cancer. Children can also develop blood cancer. Symptoms and treatment of blood cancer vary between children and adults.  Diagnosis of Blood Cancer Blood cancer diagnosis may be performed by a healthcare professional or doctor who may assess the physical symptoms and ask for the medical and family history of the patients. The doctor may order some blood tests as well as some imaging tests. The type of blood test may depend upon the type of blood cancer suspected.  The various tests used to diagnose different blood cancers include the following: Treatment & Management of Blood Cancer Blood cancer treatment may not yield the same results for everyone. Some factors such as age, overall health condition, and specific treatment side-effects also need to be considered before considering any form of blood cancer treatment. A team of doctors discuss the appropriate treatment plan with the patient after a thorough evaluation of all factors that may interfere with the treatment.  Some of the common blood cancer treatments available include the following: Chemotherapy is one of the most effective blood cancer treatments, which uses certain drugs to destroy the cancer-causing cells. Sometimes, chemotherapy may be applied along with a stem cell transplant to maximise the benefit of both treatments. Radiation therapy is beneficial for patients with lymphoma. This treatment procedure uses specific high energy beams such as X-rays, protons, or other energy beams to destroy the cancerous cells. Immunotherapy aims to fortify the patient’s own immune system to target and fight off the cancer cells by destroying them or slowing down their growth. CAR T-cell therapy is a form of immunotherapy, which harnesses the power of T-cell lymphocytes of the patient and turns it into an effective blood cancer treatment method. This treatment can be used to treat acute B-cell lymphoblastic leukaemia, multiple myeloma and a number of non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas in case other forms of blood cancer treatments have failed to work.  This is an innovative blood cancer treatment procedure that targets genetic changes or mutations in the cancerous cells and destroys them so that they cannot turn normal, healthy cells into abnormal cells. When the stem cells of the patient get destroyed by cancer, they can be replaced by using new healthy stem cells either from the patient themselves or from a donor. This blood cancer surgery is another one of the most effective blood cancer treatments wherein the healthy stem cells are utilised to replace the cancer affected cells of the bone marrow. This provides the best recovery outlook for patients. Bone marrow transplant can be done in two ways: Conclusion The primary goal of blood cancer treatment is to cure the problem. If it cannot be cured, there are many ways that Oncologists may employ to achieve remission, that is, eliminating the signs and symptoms of cancer. Not everyone requires treatment for blood cancer and sometimes some patients may need to wait before treatment can be proceeded with as their cancer may be slow-growing.  The best way to cure cancer is to detect it early. Get a one-on-one consultation with the top Oncologists of India at Wockhardt Hospitals, the best blood cancer hospital in India where you can avail advanced, state-of-the-art facilities for blood cancer treatment in India with utmost expertise and compassion. Book your appointment today and get a quote for blood cancer treatment cost in India. FAQs on Blood Cancer Treatment in India Q. What is Leukaemia? It is the most common blood cancer affecting the white blood cells or leukocytes. Both children and adults are affected by leukaemia. Leukaemia can be of different types, which include: Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, Acute myeloid leukaemia, Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia Chronic myelogenous leukaemia Q. What is Lymphoma? Lymphoma is a cancer of the lymphatic system, which includes the bone marrow. There are different types of lymphoma cancer: Hodgkin lymphoma Non-hodgkin lymphoma Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia B-cell lymphoma T-cell lymphoma Follicular lymphoma Q. What is Myeloma? Myeloma is a type of cancer, which begins in the bone marrow and affects the plasma cells. Multiple myeloma, plasmacytoma, and amyloidosis are the different types of myeloma cancer.

Skin cancer is a cancerous condition affecting the skin, causing new bumps or patches and changes in the size, shape, and colour of skin growths. Skin cancer is treatable; therefore, a skin cancer diagnosis can help to prevent the progression of the disease. Skin cancer treatment in India includes skin cancer surgery, chemotherapy or radiotherapy, cryotherapy, and other such cancer treatment modalities. For accurate diagnosis and treatment of skin cancer, visit the top Oncologists at Wockhardt Hospitals, the best skin cancer hospital in India. Skin Cancer Diagnosis  Skin cancer diagnosis begins after observing changes or new appearance of growths and moles, unhealing scars, and scaly patches of skin. Primarily, a dermatologist examines the skin condition of the patient and also assesses the skin on other parts of the body to look for any changes elsewhere. If the doctor suspects skin cancer, they may recommend a skin biopsy for laboratory testing. The biopsy may reveal whether the skin change is cancerous as well as the stage of skin cancer. Skin Cancer Treatment  Skin cancer treatment may depend on the type, location, size, and spread of skin cancer. Superficial, small-sized skin cancer may not require invasive treatment other than a simple biopsy to remove the cancerous cells. There are several treatment options available for skin cancer, including: Cryotherapy This involves freezing the cancerous skin cells, which slough off on their own after the treatment. Chemotherapy A standard cancer treatment, chemotherapy can be applied to kill cancer cells by applying medications directly on the skin (topical administration) or through pills. It may also be administered intravenously if the cancer has spread to other parts of the body. Radiation Therapy  Another cancer treatment modality, radiation therapy, may be beneficial for killing skin cancer cells using radiation to prevent them from growing. Photodynamic Therapy  This treatment uses a combination of laser light and drugs to destroy skin cancer cells. Excisional Surgery Skin cancer surgery may be done to remove a portion of the skin containing the diseased cells and preserve the surrounding areas as much as possible. Mohs Micrographic Surgery Alternatively known as a complete margin assessment surgery, the Mohs micrographic surgery technique is one of the common skin cancer surgery procedures which involves removing a visible tumour along with surrounding parts of the skin around the edge of the tumour. This procedure is typically performed for larger skin tumours, especially those located in the head and/or neck region, and also for recurrent cancer in the same place. Using this excisional method, each fragment of the removed skin is examined under the microscope to ensure that the entire diseased cells have been removed.  Curettage & Electrodesiccation A sharp, spoon-shaped instrument known as a curette is used to remove any skin lesion and later treat the area with an electric current to destroy any remaining cancer cells and control bleeding. This process is called electrodesiccation.  Wide excision This procedure involves removing a skin tumour along with the surrounding healthy cells to ensure that all the cancerous tissues are removed from the site. Apart from these surgical procedures for skin cancer, additional surgical intervention may also be required for reconstructive or adjoining organ/tissue biopsy. Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy This surgical procedure is used to find out if cancer has spread to the lymph nodes. A sentinel node is the first lymph node into which the lymphatic system drains from the site of the tumour. If this sentinel node contains cancer cells it would entail that the cancer has spread and require further treatment, including additional surgery.   Reconstructive Surgery Skin cancer often leaves a scar on the skin, which requires a reconstructive procedure as scarring and dents may affect the quality of life of a patient as well as the way they talk or eat. Reconstructive surgery may improve functionality as well as appearance.  What are the Stages of Skin Cancer? The stage of skin cancer may indicate the severity of the cancer and extent to which the cancer has spread.  When to See a Doctor? Any noticeable changes on the skin, the appearance of rough lesions, or changes in the shape and colour of existing moles should be checked by a doctor. Although not all skin changes result from cancer, it is better to seek medical attention promptly to avoid complications. Conclusion Nearly all skin cancers can be cured if they are detected and treated early, before they have a chance to spread. Skin cancer can also be prevented by taking precautionary measures. Any suspicious skin changes should be checked by a doctor. Schedule a one-on-one consultation with the top oncologists at the best skin cancer hospital in India – Wockhardt Hospitals, and access a comprehensive range of services for world-class skin cancer treatment in India. Book your appointment with us today. FAQs on Skin Cancer Treatment in India Q. What is the cost of skin cancer treatment in India? The average cost of skin cancer treatment in India can range anywhere between Rs. 10,000 and Rs. 2,50,000. Q. What kind of surgery is done for skin cancer? Skin cancer can be treated by electrodesiccation and curettage, Mohs surgery, or surgical excision. Q. What is the procedure for skin cancer diagnosis? Primary evaluation may include physical examination of skin growths or concerning spots or moles along with blood tests. Skin biopsy may help to confirm a diagnosis of skin cancer.

In a shocking incident, a 39-year-old woman from Huddersfield was diagnosed with deadly cancer which she confused with bloating and looked nine months pregnant. According to reports, the woman had been having trouble eating. Doctors diagnosed her with stress-related constipation and noted that she was too young to be critically ill. She also mentioned having trouble bending over and experiencing occasional wooziness, stiffness, and pain. She was diagnosed when her cancer progressed to the third stage. She had previously been misdiagnosed with everything from Crohn’s disease to irritable bowel syndrome. Finally, she was found to have ovarian cancer. Dr. Gandhali Deorukhkar, a Consultant of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at the Wockhardt Hospital told News9, “Ovarian cancer is an abnormal growth of cells that forms into ovaries if multiplied quickly. They can even invade any healthy tissue and can spread beyond the fallopian tube, ovaries, or the breast and even toward the brain cells. A lot of times ovarian cancer leads to fluid accumulation in the lower abdomen which is called ascites, a major reason for bloating and swelling in the lower abdomen.” Annual Screening Dr. Deorukhkar stated, unfortunately, ovarian cancer doesn’t have any symptoms in the early stage therefore, annual screening or ultrasound is suggested. Women with the condition may see symptoms like abdominal bloating, swelling, indigestion or feeling of fullness when they eat something, fatigue, discomfort in the pelvic area, back pain, and changes in bowel habits. If a woman has all these symptoms and is not getting cured then it is suggested to have an ultrasound done to rule out ovarian cancer or any kind of bulky ovary. A very small percentage of ovarian cancer cases in younger women can be genetically predisposed. Generally speaking, diseases like breast cancer and ovarian cancer are more susceptible to genes like BRCA1 and BRCA2. Additional causes include obesity, smoking, infertility, and the increased risk of ovarian cancer in women who do not breastfeed.