ARTICLES ON General Health

World Alzheimer’s Month is the international campaign every September to raise awareness and challenge the stigma that surrounds dementia and to create an awareness of the disease of the elderly. World Alzheimer Day is on 21 September each year. What is Alzheimer’s Disease? Alzheimer’s disease is a neurological disorder in which the death of brain cells causes memory loss and cognitive decline. A neurodegenerative type of dementia, the disease starts mild and gets progressively worse. Alzheimer’s disease was first described by Alois Alzheimer in 1906. What is Dementia? Dementia is a collective name for progressive brain syndromes which affect memory, thinking, behaviour and emotion. Dementia is the leading cause of disability and dependency among the elderly. Alzheimer’s disease is the most common cause of dementia and accounts for 50%-75% of all cases. How Does this Degenerative Disease of the Elderly Affect the Brain Cells to Cause Memory Loss? In this condition brain cells and nerves is disrupted transmitting or carrying messages in the brain, particularly those responsible for storing memories. The nerve cells die in particular regions of the brain. The brain shrinks as gaps develop in areas which are responsible for storing and retrieving new information. These changes affect an individual to remember, speak, think and make decisions. The production of certain chemicals in the brain, such as acetylcholine is also affected. Symptoms of Alzheimer’s Diseases Typically, Alzheimer’s disease begins with lapses of memory, difficulty in finding the right words for everyday objects or mood swings. As Alzheimer progresses, the person may: Causes of Alzheimer’s Diseases Alzheimer’s is caused by brain cell death and total brain size shrinks with Alzheimer’s – the tissue has progressively fewer nerve cells and connections. Nerve cells (neurons) in the brain in Alzheimer are under a microscopic look like ‘plaques’ and ‘tangles’ between and within brain cells. These are abnormal protein clumps, Researchers do not fully understand why the changes that lead to Alzheimer’s disease occur. Several different factors are believed to be involved. Risk factors for developing the condition include aging, a family history of Alzheimer, and carrying certain genes. Diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease Symptoms can be diagnosed at any stage of Alzheimer’s dementia and the progression through the stages of the disease is monitored after an initial diagnosis, too, when the developing symptoms dictate how care is managed. For doctors to make an initial diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease, they must first be satisfied that there is dementia. It involves cognitive or behavioural symptoms that show a decline from previous levels of “functioning and performing” and interfere with ability “to function at work or at usual activities.” TWO of the five symptom areas listed below as per from guidelines jointly produced by the National Institute on Aging and the Alzheimer Association diagnose a patient: 1. Worsened ability to take in and remember new information, for example: asking repeated questions 2. Impairments to reasoning, complex tasking, exercising judgment:  3. Impaired visuospatial abilities (but not, for example, due to eye sight problems): Inability to recognize faces or common objects or to find objects in direct view 4. Impaired speaking, reading and writing: Difficulty thinking of common words while speaking, hesitations 5. Changes in personality and behaviour: Stages of Alzheimer’s Disease The Alzheimer’s Association has broken this down further, describing seven stages along a continuum of cognitive decline based on symptom severity – from a state of no impairment, through mild and moderate decline, and eventually reaching “very severe decline.” Some Tests Carried out are: Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease There is no known cure for Alzheimer’s disease – the death of brain cells in the dementia cannot be halted or reversed. Effective management of these conditions includes: Prevention of Alzheimer’s Disease There is a lot of research into risk factors associated with Alzheimer’s disease, so there may be lifestyle measures we can take to potentially reduce our risk and enjoy a healthier life more generally. To understand more about Alzheimer’s disease please visit Wockhardt Hospitals. About Wockhardt Hospitals A 50-year-old legacy and tradition of caring is what Wockhardt Hospitals stands on. Wockhardt Hospitals has been proactive in bringing innovative nurturing for better health. Wockhardt Hospitals has become a leading health service provider with its strong presence in the western parts of the country i.e. Mumbai, Nagpur Rajkot, Nasik and Surat. This group of 8 hospitals fulfils the need of the community in its chosen field of super specialty like Cardiology, Orthopaedics, Neurology, Gastroenterology, Urology, Aesthetics and Minimal Access Surgery. Wockhardt Hospitals has state-of-the-art infrastructure. Our prime objective is patient safety and quality of care at all levels. The guiding philosophy is to serve and enrich the Quality of Life of patients and to make life win. Wockhardt Hospitals follow process driven quality systems that adhere to international standards of clinical care, safe environment, infection control and respect for patient rights & privacy. Many of the Wockhardt group of hospitals has accreditation of the NABH (National Accreditation Board of Hospitals &Healthcare), the highest and the most stringent quality standards institution in India and the National authority in healthcare accreditation. To achieve high degree of clinical excellence, we have entered into strategic alliances with Partners Medical International, USA, whereby Wockhardt Hospitals has access to Harvard’s expertise and experience in the fields of surgery and other Medicare services. Wockhardt group of hospitals in India is a preferred destination for patients from Europe, USA, Africa, Middle East and South Asia.

The Organ Donation Day campaign, which is celebrated every year at August 13th, provides a great opportunity in everyone’s life to come ahead and pledge to donate their precious organs. At Wockhardt Hospital we support this imitative and hope that in doing   further spread our ethos in making life win. Approximately 5 lakh people across the nation die each year. Objectives of Organ Donation Day What is Organ Donation? Organ Donation is the gift of an organ to a person who needs a transplant to improve his condition and health status. It is a procedure in which a health organ (donor) is taken from an individual who is either living or deceased and is transplanted into a person whose respective orphan (recipient) is malfunctioning. Donated organs give the recipient the opportunity of a longer and better quality of life. Is it a Legal Procedure? Yes it is a legal procedure. It is governed by a transplant regulatory body and special acts laid down by authorities. All institutions conducting transplants have to be registered under the government and follow rules and regulations. Which Organs (For Transplant Surgery ) Can Be Donated? What Are the Different Types of Organ Donation? When Are Organs Removed After Death? Organs must be removed as soon as possible after the determination of brain death, while circulation is being maintained artificially. Tissues may be removed within 12 to 24 hours. What is Brain Death? (Cadaver Transplant) Brain death results from a severe, irreversible injury to the brain. All areas of brain are damaged and no longer function due to which a person cannot sustain his/her own life, but vital body functions may be maintained by an artificial support system. This maintains circulation to vital organs long enough to facilitate organ donation. People who experience brain death also donate tissues. Which Organs Can Be Donated After Brain Death? Vital Organs like heart, liver, kidneys, intestines, lungs, and pancreas can be donated only in case of ‘brain death’. However other tissues like corneas, heart valves, skin, bones etc. can be donated only in case of natural death Can a Donor Donate Organs After a Cardiac Death? No. Cardiac death results when the heart and breathing cease to function. All organs and tissues in the body suffer from lack of oxygen, circulation and die. People who have a cardiac death cannot be organ donors however they can donate tissues after death. Who Certifies That a Patient is Brain Dead? The Government has specified that a panel of doctors will certify brain death and not a single doctor. The panel consists of: Who Authorises Organ Donation? A recipient list (waiting list) for receiving organs is maintained in a register with the Zonal Transplant Coordination Centre) who is responsible for allotting the organs. In India Why is the Family So Important in Case of Organ Donation? Is Organ Donation Safe? All potential donors are screened for ruling out transmitted diseases such as HIV AND HEPATITIS. Can I donate if I have a medical condition? The medical condition will be assessed at the time of organ donation to see if you are fit candidate for the same.  Are There Any Criteria for Evaluating Donors? Yes certain tests like blood group, immunological status and medical   taken. The donors tissue matching and compatibility with recipient is vital consideration for transplant surgery. Why is Family Support Important in Pledging Your Organs? It is important to discuss your decision with family or next of kin. This is because in case of an emergency or an untoward incident, your family will be the first to be contacted. Only after seeking their permission can the doctors go ahead with retrieving your organs. If your family is aware of your decision, your wishes will be carried out the way you would have liked. In scenarios where the families are not aware and need to be counselled on the wishes of their deceased relative, a lot of precious time is lost and sometimes the opportunity to donate is gone. In Organ donation, time is of prime importance. It is essential for the organs or tissues to be removed as When is Consent Required for a Minor? If you are less than 18 years old, then your parents’ consent is required for organ donation. So if you want to become a donor, it’s important to tell them that you wish to donate. Children too are in need of organ transplants, and they usually need organs smaller than those an adult can provide. How Can I Pledge My Organs? You can pledge by simply filling up an organ donation card, Carry it around with you and mention personal details and family member who is aware of your decision as consent to go ahead with the procedure. You will also need to specify the organ you which to donate to save a life.

An endoscopy is a diagnostic procedure that allows a gastroenterologist to look at the interior lining of the oesophagus, stomach, and the first part of small intestine through a thin, flexible viewing instrument called a flexible endoscope An upper endoscopy is used to diagnose and, sometimes, treat conditions that affect the upper part of your digestive system, including the oesophagus, stomach and beginning of the small intestine (duodenum). Indications for an Endoscopy A gastroenterologist may recommend an endoscopy procedure to Investigate digestive signs and symptoms, such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, difficulty swallowing and gastrointestinal bleeding. Endoscopy is also used to collect tissue samples (biopsy) to test for diseases causing bleeding, inflammation, diarrhea or cancers of the digestive system. In the procedure for endoscopy a flexible endoscope special instruments can be passes through the endoscope to treat conditions in of digestive system, such as acidity, control of bleeding vessel or assistant in widening a narrow oesophagus due to strictures, removal off a polyp or a foreign object. Advances in gastrointestinal fibre-optic endoscopic technology have made endoscopy mandatory for gastrointestinal diagnosis, therapy, and endoscopy surgery. An endoscopy is sometimes combined with other procedures, such as an ultrasound to view organs. What is the Endoscopy Procedure? During an upper endoscopy process the patient will be asked to lie down on a table on his back or on his side. Sedation will be given for an anaesthetic will be sprayed in the mouth to numb the throat. The flexible endoscope which is a long, flexible tube (endoscope) is inserted in the mouth. The doctor will ask the patient to swallow as the flexible endoscope scope passes down the throat and it then enters down your oesophagus. A tiny camera at the tip of the endoscope transmits images to a video monitor in the exam room. In the endoscopy procedure a gastroenterologist   watches the images on a monitor to look for abnormalities in your upper digestive tract.  Air pressure may be fed into the oesophagus to inflate the digestive tract which allows the endoscope to move freely, during the endoscopy procedure. In cases of a surgical endoscope special surgical instruments are passes through the endoscope to collect a tissue sample or remove a polyp. What is a Fluoroscopy? Fluoroscopy is a diagnostic procedure used to view moving body structures .A continuous X-ray beam is passed through the body p being examined. . It enables a radiologist enables to view body skeletal, digestive, urinary, respiratory, and reproductive systems. Fluoroscopy is used as an imaging procedure to evaluate specific areas of the body, including the bones, muscles, and joints, as well as solid organs, such as the heart, lung, or kidneys. Some other procedures where fluoroscopy is used as a supportive imaging tool is in fluoroscopy is as barium X-rays, cardiac catheterization, arthrography  to visualize joints of a joint , lumbar puncture, placement of intravenous (IV) catheters), intravenous pyelogram, hysterosalpingogram, and biopsies. What is the Procedure of Fluoroscopy? During the Fluoroscopy procedure a contrast substance (dye) is injected through an intravenous (IV) line in the hand or arm swallowed, or enema. The patient is positioned on the X-ray table. Depending on the type of procedure, a specific body part will viewed. The patient will be asked to hold his breath at intervals while the fluoroscopy is being performed. A special X-ray machine will be used to produce the fluoroscopic images of the body structure being examined or treated What is Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP?) Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is a medical and diagnostic procedure that combines the use of endoscopy and fluoroscopy to diagnose and treat certain problems of the biliary or pancreatic ductal systems. . The most common condition for advising an ERCP medical procedure is abdominal pain, weight loss, jaundice (yellowing of the skin), or an ultrasound or CT scan that shows stones or a mass in the pancreatic biliary duct system. Diagnosis of Bile duct stones can be diagnosed and removed with an ERCP procedure. Stretch out narrow segments in bile ducts due to strictures. Diagnosis of tumors can be the diagnosis. ERCP can also be done before or after gallbladder surgery. If you have any queries regarding any of these procedures or indications, please contact our centers at Wockhardt Hospitals. Wockhardt Hospitals, a chain of tertiary care super-specialty hospitals has more than 25 years of experience in the creation and management of Super Specialty Hospitals in India. We are a premiere hospital in the country specializing in the treatment of digestive disorders. We provide comprehensive digestive care to our patients. The digestive care centre at Wockhardt Hospitals makes it a centre for excellence with our clinical expertise, to treat such conditions affecting the digestive system.  For further information or any gastroenterology medical related query visit our experts at Wockhardt Hospitals. Wockhardt Hospitals is regarded  as a centre of excellence the healthcare domain,  having facilities in North Mumbai (Mira road), South Mumbai (Mumbai Central), Navi Mumbai (Vashi), Nagpur, Nasik, Rajkot and Surat. Wockhardt Hospitals has state-of-the-art infrastructure. Our prime objective is patient safety and quality of care at all levels. The guiding philosophy is to serve and enrich the Quality of Life of patients and to make life win. Types of Endoscopy There are several types of endoscopic procedures, all functioning in the same basic way. Differences in the technicalities of the process include the specific body parts the doctor examines and the entry point for the scope. Following are the types of endoscopy procedures:  FAQs on Endoscopy Q. Why do I need an endoscopy? Endoscopies are minimally invasive procedures, typically recommended to identify the underlying causes of digestive disorders and symptoms, as well as to treat specific conditions, such as acid reflux or persistent heartburn. Q. What does the endoscopy test for? During an endoscopy, tissue samples (biopsies) may be taken to check for illnesses causing symptoms like diarrhea, bleeding, anemia, or inflammation. It can also identify certain upper gastrointestinal malignancies. Q. How long does endoscopy take? Depending on the type

Appendicitis is an inflammation of the appendix. The appendix is part of the large intestine located at the right lower, part. It looks like a small finger-like organ. The inside of the appendix forms a small sac that usually opens into the large intestine. When the appendix is blocked it causes an inflammatory reaction and predisposes it to bacterial growth and infection. Appendicitis is caused because of such blockages, due to hard rock-like stool; inflammation of lymph nodes in the intestines, or infections likes parasites.  Generally the first symptom of appendicitis is usually a mild fever and pain around naval area. The pain in appendicitis usually worsens in and moves to the lower right side of the stomach and can associated with Vomiting, nausea, and loss of appetite. If the appendicitis is not treated in time (removal of appendix) the infected appendix, can burst and spread bacteria.  The complications of appendicitis that can arise from a ruptured appendix which can give rise to an abscess (an infection of pus) that can spread throughout the abdomen, causing peritonitis, which can be life threatening. Treatment for appendicitis Before the appendectomy procedure diagnostic investigations will be carries out such as : Appendectomy Procedure is the standard treatment for appendicitis: Removal of the appendix is generally the mode of line of treatment for appendicitis. This operation is known as an appendectomy or appendectomy (appendix removal). This is because it’s considered safer to remove the appendix than run the risk of the appendix bursting. Appendectomy surgery: Appendicitis surgery is carried out under general anaesthetic using either a keyhole or open appendix surgery technique for appendectomy procedure. Antibiotics are given before an appendectomy to cover any chances of infections. Keyhole surgery (laparoscopy) is usually the preferred method of removal of the appendix (Appendicitis operation), because the recovery tends to be quicker than with open surgery. The appendectomy procedure through this technique, involves making 4-inch incision small incisions on the abdomen.  A laparoscope which is a small tube containing a light source and a camera is inserted through the abdomen, which relays images of the inside of the abdomen to a television monitor. During this type of appendicitis operation gas is pumped through to inflate the abdominal cavity which allows the surgeon to see the appendix more clearly and small instruments are inserted to remove the appendix. Once the appendix has been removed in the appendicitis operation, the incisions are closed with dissolvable stitches. One of the main advantages of keyhole surgery is the recovery time is short and most people can leave hospital is a few days. In some situations keyhole surgery may not be recommended and open surgery is performed instead for removal of appendix- Appendectomy: Complications of Appendectomy please seek medical attention: In case you are experiencing any of signs or symptoms related to appendicitis or would like to know more details about digestive care disorders, please contact our centres at Wockhardt Hospitals. Wockhardt Hospitals is one of the countries premium hospitals that are focused on the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of digestive diseases and illnesses. Wockhardt Hospitals, a chain of tertiary care super-specialty hospitals has more than 25 years of experience in the creation and management of Super Specialty Hospitals in India. We are a premiere hospital in the country specializing in the treatment of digestive disorders. We provide comprehensive digestive care to our patients. Our Gastroenterology Surgery and Minimal Invasive Surgery Department at Wockhardt Hospitals is regarded, as one of the centre’s for excellence.  Our clinical expertise and infrastructure support the treatment of health conditions, needing laparoscopic surgery or general surgery.  For further information visit Digestive Care Speciality at Wockhardt Hospitals. Wockhardt Hospitals is regarded  as a centre of excellence the healthcare domain,  having facilities in North Mumbai (Mira road), South Mumbai (Mumbai Central), Navi Mumbai (Vashi), Nagpur, Nasik, Rajkot and Surat. Wockhardt Hospitals has state-of-the-art infrastructure. Our prime objective is patient safety and quality of care at all levels. The guiding philosophy is to serve and enrich the Quality of Life of patients and to make life win.

Some idea on diet plan to how to lose weight (Weight Management): Reduce on Sugars and Starches (Carbohydrates): The most important part is to reduce your intake on sugars and carbohydrates. These are the foods that stimulate secretion of insulin, which causes fat storage in the body. It is important to try to stick to healthier carb sources like oats, rice, quinoa, potatoes, sweet potatoes, fruits, etc. Having one day of the week where you eat more carbs is perfectly acceptable, although not necessary but an easy  way to lose weight .But only this one higher carb day, if you start doing it more often than once per week then you’re not going to see much success on this plan. Some thinks to note during your weight management and diet plan, for the first few, you might feel a bit low. It is called the “low carb flu” and is usually over within a few days. Please add sodium to your diet can help with this, 2) Eat Protein, Fat and Vegetables essential weight loss tip and essential for weight control The importance of eating plenty of protein cannot be overstated as part of the diet plan to reduce weight High protein diets can reduce desire for late-night snacking by half, and create fullness and supress desire to snack. By adding protein to the diet you can lose weight. Protein is the king of nutrients. 3) Healthy Diet A diet based on meat and vegetables contains all the fibre, vitamins and minerals you need to be healthy. There is no physiological need for grains in the diet. 4) What about Fats in weight management program: Fat Sources: Olive oil Coconut oil Avocado oil Butter Don’t be afraid of eating fat, trying to do both low-carb AND low-fat at the same time is a recipe for failure. It will make you feel miserable and abandon the plan. The best cooking fat to use is coconut oil. The bottom line of planning a diet plan is that your meal should contain a protein source, a fat source and a low-carb with a vegetable. 4) Exercise is essential for diet: -Lift Weights 3 Times per Week: By lifting weights, you will burn a few calories and prevent your metabolism from slowing down, which is a common side effect of losing weight. Please remember as part of your weight loss diet it is not necessary to count calories to lose weight on any diet plan. Here are some tips to lose weight faster: Some Health benefits when you’re on a diet plan to lose weight Blood Sugar tends to reduce because of low-carb diets Triglycerides tend to reduce Small, dense LDL (the bad) Cholesterol goes down and HDL (the good) cholesterol goes up. Blood pressure improves significantly Weight loss surgery is a latest technique adopted by hospitals. Candidates are screened first and then it could be decided upon. It is generally prescribed in severe metabolic disorders and where diet and exercise are not useful. You can expect to lose a lot of weight, but it depends on you how quickly it will happen. For further queries please visit Wockhardt Hospitals. Wockhardt Hospitals, a chain of tertiary care super-specialty hospitals has more than 25 years of experience in the creation and management of Super Specialty Hospitals in India. At Wockhardt Hospitals our Endocrinology department, Diabetes and Weight Management Centre at Wockhardt Hospitals treat various endocrine disorders .The division has an integrated multi-disciplinary model for providing comprehensive management of the entire range of endocrine conditions. Our team is also actively involved in ongoing research for diabetes and other endocrine disorders. These disorders are investigated and treated by our endocrinologist at Wockhardt Hospitals. Wockhardt Hospitals also has unique weight management centre. Together with India’s only physician certified by the American Board of Obesity Medicine, our centre focuses on medical management of overweight and obesity conditions. We have a multidisciplinary team consisting of physicians, dieticians, counsellors and exercise physiologists. The protocol delivers an international evidence-based management for safe and effective weight loss. The program also works in close collaboration with surgical approaches for weight management for those patients that need it, as the Hospital is also a Centre of Excellence for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery and also has a Surgeon of Excellence. Wockhardt Hospitals is regarded  as a centre of excellence the healthcare domain,  having facilities in North Mumbai (Mira road), South Mumbai (Mumbai Central), Navi Mumbai (Vashi), Nagpur, Nasik, Rajkot and Surat. Wockhardt Hospitals has state-of-the-art infrastructure. Our prime objective is patient safety and quality of care at all levels. The guiding philosophy is to serve and enrich the Quality of Life of patients and to make life win.

Obesity is a condition where a person has accumulated so much body fat that it might have a negative effect on their health. Any individual having a bodyweight at least 20% higher than what it should is considered obese. A Body Mass Index (BMI) between 25 and 29.9 is considered overweight. If your BMI is 30 or over you are considered obese. Causes of Obesity: Obesity occurs when there is more calories intake than you use. The balance between calories-in and calories-out differs for each person. Factors that might affect your weight include your genetic makeup, overeating, eating high-fat foods, and not being physically active. Hormonal imbalances are also associated with weight gain. Risk factors of obesity: Being obese increases your risk of diabetes, heart disease, stroke, arthritis, and some cancers Excessive body weight is associated with various diseases, particularly cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus type 2, obstructive sleep apnoea, and certain types of cancer, osteoarthritis and asthma Childhood Obesity: Childhood Obesity is a serious medical condition that affects children and adolescents. Children who are obese are above the normal weight for their age and height. Childhood obesity can cause health problems that were once considered adult problems — diabetes, high blood pressure, sleep apnoea, asthma and high cholesterol. Childhood obesity can also lead to poor self-esteem and depression. Causes of childhood obesity: Little activity and too many calories from food (junk food) and drinks — are the main contributors to childhood obesity. Other causes being genetic and hormonal factors might play a role as well. Measures to reduce obesity Some patients may be prescribed medication, DIETRY CHNAGES AND EXERCISE while others might undergo weight-loss surgery. Dietary changes: Obese people are advised to reduce their total daily calorie intake and to consume more fruits, vegetables and whole grains. The consumption of sugar, certain refined carbohydrates and some fats are to be reduced significantly. A dietician can plan out a weight-loss program. People who are seriously obese may be prescribed a very low calorie liquid diet. These must be done with a health care professional. Physical activity: The more physical activity the more calories you burn. Walking briskly is a good way to start increasing your physical activity. However combining increased physical activity with a good diet will significantly increase your chances of losing weight successfully. Prescription medications for losing weight If the patient finds it extremely hard to shed the pounds, or if his obesity has reached such a point as to significantly undermine his health, then prescription drugs may become an option. Weight loss surgery (bariatric surgery) A gastric band type of surgery is becoming an increasingly common treatment for obesity. Bariatric surgery alters your stomach or small intestine size so that you are unable to consume much food at one time and reduce the feeling of hunger, enhancing the feeling of satiety. This reduces the total number of calories you consume each day, thus helping to lose weight. For further queries on obesity and weight management please contact Wockhardt Hospitals. Wockhardt Hospitals, a chain of tertiary care super-specialty hospitals has more than 25 years of experience in the creation and management of Super Specialty Hospitals in India. At Wockhardt Hospitals our Endocrinology department, Diabetes and Weight Management Centre at Wockhardt Hospitals treat various endocrine disorders .The division has an integrated multi-disciplinary model for providing comprehensive management of the entire range of endocrine conditions. Our team is also actively involved in ongoing research for diabetes and other endocrine disorders. These disorders are investigated and treated by our endocrinologist at Wockhardt Hospitals. Wockhardt Hospitals also has unique weight management centre. Together with India’s only physician certified by the American Board of Obesity Medicine, our centre focuses on medical management of overweight and obesity conditions. We have a multidisciplinary team consisting of physicians, dieticians, counsellors and exercise physiologists. The protocol delivers an international evidence-based management for safe and effective weight loss. The program also works in close collaboration with surgical approaches for weight management for those patients that need it, as the Hospital is also a Centre of Excellence for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery and also has a Surgeon of Excellence. Bariatric Surgery at Wockhardt Hospitals is recognised as a centre of excellence Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery. Our renowned doctor, Dr Raman Goel and his specialised and dedicated team provide the clinical expertise for managing and treating obesity through this super speciality surgery. The team is guided and has immense experience with all surgical protocols for all procedures and Pre & Post-surgical Management. Wockhardt Hospitals have been regarded as a centre  of excellence in medical science and surgery with facilities in North Mumbai (Mira road), South Mumbai (Mumbai Central), Navi Mumbai (Vashi), Nagpur, Nasik, Rajkot and Surat. Wockhardt Hospitals is having state-of-the-art infrastructure whose prime objective is patient safety first and quality of care at the core of its strategy. The guiding philosophy is to serve and enrich the Quality of Life of patients and to make life win.

Dentistry is the branch of medicine that is involved in the study, diagnosis, prevention, and dental treatment of diseases, of the oral cavity and is the basis of family dentistry practices in India today. However, today the field of dental treatment has expanded into various specialities due to the different dental problems that are arising in its field. Dentistry can be further divided in various sub- specialities depending on the area of treatment: These are the common complaints one has when he would visit a dentist: Common dental procedures performed by dentists at dental clinics: Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery which is a field specialised in dental surgery: Some areas for treatment covered are:  For any common dental complaints and specialised dental surgery please visit our centres at Wockhardt hospitals. Our trained and experienced dentists will be able to manage and assist any of you complaints. Our dental department is a highly specialised with infrastructure and facilities to carry our various procedures. Wockhardt Hospitals, a chain of tertiary care super-specialty hospitals has more than 25 years of experience in the creation and management of Super Specialty Hospitals in India. Wockhardt Hospitals have been regarded as centres of excellence in medical science with facilities in North Mumbai (Mira road), South Mumbai (Mumbai Central), Navi Mumbai (Vashi), Nagpur, Nasik, Rajkot and Surat. Wockhardt Hospitals is having state-of-the-art infrastructure whose prime objective is patient safety first and quality of care at the core of its strategy. The guiding philosophy is to serve and enrich the Quality of Life of patients and to make life win.

ENT is a surgical speciality which deals with conditions of the ear, nose, and throat (ENT) region. Doctors who specialize in this area are called, otolaryngologists, ENT doctors, ENT surgeons, or head and neck surgeons. The spectrum of the diseases involved in ENT which are treated by ear doctor is as follows: A) Diseases of the ear: You may need to see an ear, nose, and throat doctor if you have an ear disorder or condition, such as a hearing loss, ear infections, disorders that affect balance, tinnitus (ringing in the ears), or pain in your ear. ENT specialists can also treat congenital disorders of the ear (disorders you were born with). b) Diseases of the nose: ENT doctors  often manage and treat problems that affect the nose, nasal cavity, and sinuses. Nasal & Sinus Allergies Nasal Polyps, Nose Bleeds. These problems can affect smell, breathing, and physical appearance. c) Diseases of the throat. Disorders and conditions that affect the throat can affect speech, singing, eating, swallowing, and digestion. ENT specialists can diagnose, manage, and treat these problems. d) Disease of head and neck: Ent specialist treat, tumours, trauma, and deformities of the head, neck, and face. (SKULL BASE SURGERY) E) Surgery: Cosmetic and reconstructive surgery in these areas. f) Neurology disorders:  They can also manage problems with the nerves in the head and neck that control sight, smelling, hearing, and facial movements. Following are the symptoms that are person may suffer from and maybe guided to visit an ENT specialist: There are many surgical procedures done by ENT specialists : The ENT at Wockhardt has sophisticated and ultramodern diagnostic and therapeutic equipment’s such as laryngoscopy and endoscopic procedures. The department performs basic and advanced surgeries in Ear, Nose and Throat including advanced endoscopic skull base surgery. Our ENT doctors have clinical expertise in the ENT surgery and treating outpatient patients and paediatric Ent issues. Spectrum of Surgery Services offered at Wockhardt Hospital includes: For any complaint related to ear, nose and throat please visit our centres near you of Wockhardt hospitals for treatment. Wockhardt Hospitals, a chain of tertiary care super-specialty hospitals, has more than 25 years of experience in the creation and management of Super Specialty Hospitals in India. Wockhardt Hospitals have been regarded as a center of excellence in medica and surgical specialities   with facilities in North Mumbai (Mira road), South Mumbai (Mumbai Central), Navi Mumbai (Vashi), Nagpur, Nasik, Rajkot and Surat. Wockhardt Hospitals is having state-of-the-art infrastructure whose prime objective is patient safety first and quality of care at the core of its strategy. The guiding philosophy is to serve and enrich the Quality of Life of patients and to make life win.

You are going for a morning jog, and you stumble.  You suddenly experience a shooting pain up your foot, through your ankle and calf. When you try to walk again the pain gets worse. You may have developed an ankle sprain. Ankle sprains or twisted ankles are more common in active people and the ankle is one of the most frequently injured sites in sports and simple injuries. An ankle sprain usually occurs when you accidentally roll on the ankle.  An ankle sprain occurs when the soft tissue in the joint is damaged. Symptoms of An Ankle Sprain are: Your ankle will bruise and the ankle will swell up to some degree and can be very painful. What is a high ankle sprain? A high ankle sprain is an ankle sprain that also involves the upper ligaments that hold the bones of the lower leg, the tibia and fibula, together.  These ligaments take a lot of stress with weight bearing and need sufficient time to rest after an injury. High ankle sprain injury is usually seen in soccer or rugby players. Treatment of Ankle Sprain: 1) Applying ice to your twisted ankle as soon as possible will help to reduce blood flow to the injury and reduce swelling. A compress around the sprained ankle can be good for supporting the joint. 2) Pain killers can be taken. 3) Try to avoid putting any stress on your ankle could be the most important thing. 4) Ankle sprain exercises can be carried out by the third day to reduce the stiffness.  Try some gentle stretches; including rotating your ankle slowly, and pointing your toes, then pulling them back towards your shin. 5) Avoid excessive movement 6) Massage therapy on you sprained ankle can be beneficial 7)  Another mode for treatment of your ankle sprain is applying heat treatments when possible. Recovery Period for Sprained Ankle: Ankle sprain recovery time takes around ten days, but you may still have to restrict some movements. It is also recommended that you Continue stretching and exercising your ankle, continue the ankle sprain exercises if recommended. Note on Hospital: Wockhardt Hospitals, a chain of tertiary care super-specialty hospitals, has more than 25 years of experience in the creation and management of Super Specialty Hospitals in India. We are a premiere hospital in the country specializing in the treatment of musculoskeletal disorders. We provide comprehensive orthopaedic care to our patients. The bone and joint program at Wockhardt Hospitals makes it a centre for excellence in orthopaedics with highly skilled clinical expertise. For further information or any orthopaedic related query visit our experts at Wockhardt Hospitals. Wockhardt Hospitals is regarded  as a centre of excellence the healthcare domain,  having facilities in North Mumbai (Mira road), South Mumbai (Mumbai Central), Navi Mumbai (Vashi), Nagpur, Nasik, Rajkot and Surat. Wockhardt Hospitals has state-of-the-art infrastructure. Our prime objective is patient safety and quality of care at all levels. The guiding philosophy is to serve and enrich the Quality of Life of patients and to make life win.

The appendix is part of the large intestine located at the right lower, part. It looks like a small finger-like organ. The inside of the appendix forms a small sac that usually opens into the large intestine. When the appendix is blocked it causes an inflammatory reaction and predisposes it to bacterial growth and infection. Appendicitis is caused because of such blockages, due to hard rock-like stool; inflammation of lymph nodes in the intestines, or infections likes parasites. Generally the first symptom of appendicitis is usually a mild fever and pain around naval area. The pain in appendicitis usually worsens in and moves to the lower right side of the stomach and can associated with Vomiting, nausea, and loss of appetite. If the appendicitis is not treated in time (removal of appendix) the infected appendix, can burst and spread bacteria. The complications of appendicitis that can arise from a ruptured appendix which can give rise to an abscess (an infection of pus) that can spread throughout the abdomen, causing peritonitis, which can be life threatening. Treatment for Appendicitis: Before the appendectomy procedure diagnostic investigations will be carries out such as : Appendectomy Procedure is the standard treatment for appendicitis: Removal of the appendix is generally the mode of line of treatment for appendicitis. This operation is known as an appendectomy or appendectomy (appendix removal). This is because it’s considered safer to remove the appendix than run the risk of the appendix bursting. Appendectomy surgery: Appendicitis surgery is carried out under general anaesthetic using either a keyhole or open appendix surgery technique for appendectomy procedure. Antibiotics are given before an appendectomy to cover any chances of infections. 1) Keyhole technique for Appendix surgery (minimally invasive surgery) Keyhole surgery (laparoscopy) is usually the preferred method of removal of the appendix (Appendicitis operation), because the recovery tends to be quicker than with open surgery. The appendectomy procedure through this technique, involves making 4-inch incision small incisions on the abdomen. A laparoscope which is a small tube containing a light source and a camera is inserted through the abdomen, which relays images of the inside of the abdomen to a television monitor. During this type of appendicitis operation gas is pumped through to inflate the abdominal cavity which allows the surgeon to see the appendix more clearly and small instruments are inserted to remove the appendix. Once the appendix has been removed in the appendicitis operation, the incisions are closed with dissolvable stitches. One of the main advantages of keyhole surgery is the recovery time is short and most people can leave hospital is a few days. 2) Open surgery for treatment for appendicitis: In some situations keyhole surgery may not be recommended and open surgery is performed instead for removal of appendix- Appendectomy: Complications of Appendectomy please seek medical attention: In case you are experiencing any of signs or symptoms related to appendicitis or would like to know more details about digestive care disorders, please contact our centres at Wockhardt Hospital. Wockhardt Hospitals is one of the countries premium hospitals that are focused on the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of digestive diseases and illnesses. Wockhardt Hospitals, a chain of tertiary care super-specialty hospitals has more than 25 years of experience in the creation and management of Super Specialty Hospitals in India. We are a premiere hospital in the country specializing in the treatment of digestive disorders. We provide comprehensive digestive care to our patients. Our Gastroenterology Surgery and Minimal Invasive Surgery Department at Wockhardt Hospitals is regarded, as one of the centre’s for excellence. Our clinical expertise and infrastructure support the treatment of health conditions, needing laparoscopic surgery or general surgery. For further information visit Digestive Care Speciality at Wockhardt Hospitals. Wockhardt Hospitals is regarded as a centre of excellence the healthcare domain, having facilities in North Mumbai (Mira road), South Mumbai (Mumbai Central), Navi Mumbai (Vashi), Nagpur, Nasik, Rajkot and Surat. Wockhardt Hospitals has state-of-the-art infrastructure. Our prime objective is patient safety and quality of care at all levels. The guiding philosophy is to serve and enrich the Quality of Life of patients and to make life win.